David Williams, National Library of Wales journal Vol VIII/2 Winter, 1953.

Extracted onto the pages of GENUKI with the kind permission of the National Library of Wales

This is a complete extract of this article by Gareth Hicks [16 July  2002].

Among the Harpton papers recently deposited in the National Library of Wales there is a copy of an important report of forty-nine pages on the turnpike trusts of the three shires of West Wales, of which the original is in the Public Record Office.

The Rebecca Riots, it will be remembered, began with attacks on the Efailwen and Llanboidy gates of the Whitland Turnpike Trust in May and June 1839. These gates were not re-erected and the rioting subsided. It broke out again in November 1842 with the destruction of the Mermaid gate of the Main Turnpike Trust at St Clears. During the winter and early spring of 1843 it spread along the roads of the Whitland Trust into Pembrokeshire. In June it moved up the Towy, and also became concentrated in the lower Teifi valley. It was the attack on Carmarthen workhouse on 19 June, that attracted the attention of London newspapers and of the nation generally. Thereafter the centre of the rioting changed to the area between Carmarthen and Llanelly.

It was to be expected that the government should institute an enquiry into the rioting. Edwin Chadwick, the secretary of the Poor Law Commission, who had paid some attention to conditions in Wales in preparing a report in 1839 on the best means of establishing a constabulary force, wrote to the home office on 11 July 1843 to suggest that an enquiry be held. On the following day a number of Carmarthenshire magistrates drew up a memorial which they submitted to George Rice Trevor, who was acting as lord lieutenant in place of his father, Lord Dynevor, expressing the opinion that an enquiry should be made into the accounts and administration of each turnpike trust in the county. This memorial was sent by Trevor to the home office. He appreciated, he said in his accompanying letter, that some of the rioters had motives other than the destruction of turnpike gates in mind, but he thought that an investigation of the trusts would pacify the country and detach the more moderate rioters. At the same time, the home office received a letter which made the same suggestion from Edward Crompton Lloyd Hall, the heir to the Cilgwyn estate (who later took the name of Fitzwilliams). He sent numerous reports of the rioting to the home office, but little attention was paid to them for he himself was being carefully watched by the authorities. Yet his letter is of importance, for he suggested a commission to enquire into general grievances and another to investigate the turnpike trusts; he felt that it would be inexpedient to combine both purposes.

It was the memorial of the Carmarthenshire magistrates which decided Sir James Graham, the home secretary, to take action and institute an enquiry. His choice fell oupon T J Hall, the stipendiary magistrate at the Bow Street Police Station, and with him was to be associated G H Ellis of a firm of solicitors, Messrs Lyon, Barnes and Ellis, which had experience in handling the affairs of turnpike trusts. The choice of a police magistrate seems to indicate that the authorities suspected the rioters of subversive intentions. The mission was in fact a secret one, and the investigations were made in private, which is probably the reason why they have not been noticed by any historian of the rioting, but knowledge of them soon leaked out. Trevor was embarrassed when a person inquired of the investigators at the inn where they were staying. The Times, when it learned of the mission, thought that a Bow Street magistrate was not the most suitable person to investigate rural grievances, and the radical Carmarthen weekly, The Welshman, was disparaging of the value of an enquiry 'by a magistrate, a barrister and a brace of accountants'.

The home office informed Trevor on 22 July of the appointment Hall and Ellis, and at the same time sent similar letters to the lords lieutenant of Pembrokeshire and Cardiganshire, Sir John Owen of Landshipping and Colonel Powell of Nanteos, as well as to Colonel Love, the officer commanding troops in West Wales. They were asked to afford the investigators all facilities. The two men were expected to leave London on Monday, 24 July. This, however, they were unable to do, for Ellis's preparations necessarily took some time. He had attended with Hall at the home office on Saturday, and he spent the whole of Monday in consultation with Hall. On the next day he was occupied in obtaining copies of all returns regarding the turnpike trusts, and their respective acts of parliament, as well as maps of their roads which had to be sent on afterwards to Carmarthen. It was not until Wednesday, 26 July, that they set out, returning to London on Saturday, 12 August, their mission having taken eighteen days.

The movements of the investigators were sufficiently secret to make them difficult to trace. Trevor wrote to the home office regretting that their arrival was delayed, for this meant that he would, himself, have left for London, and he advised that they should start in Cardiganshire, where the lord lieutenant was in residence. This they may well have done, for Ellis begins his report with the Cardigan Trust, and by 31 July his firm were already attending on the speaker of the house of commons to enquire as to the possibility of an immediate change in the act relating to this trust. This was in order to remove the toll levied by the trust if a cart passed through a gate for the third time on the same day (that is to say, in addition to the toll paid on passing for the first time through a gate, which covered the return journey). They seem to have visited Newcastle Emlyn, but did not come into the Aberystwyth district, which was, in any case, free from rioting. On Wednesday, 2 August, they were at Haverfordwest, holding a detailed enquiry into the chaotic affairs of the Fishguard Trust. They arrived at Carmarthen on the next day, and on Friday they began their enquiries in private at the Ivy Bush hotel. They listened to the grievances of 'numerous respectable farmers', and received a petition from the upper and lower franchises of the borough of Carmarthen. This petition expressed the opinion that gates within the borough were illegal. It complained that areas outside the town had to contribute to the cost of paving and lighting the streets. It considered that the toll on lime was oppressive, that the commutation of the tithes had increased the amount which had to be paid, that income tax was too heavy, that landowners oppressed their tenants, and (a local grievance) that the regulations with regard to the shape of butter casks were an annoyance. Where the investigators spent the remaining week is not known. Both men travelled together throughout their journey, though it was agreed that Ellis should report on the turnpike trusts and Hall should deal with all other matters. The bill covering the expenses of Hall and his clerk, including the conveyance of Ellis to all places after their arrival in Carmarthen, was £59.16s.5d. Ellis charged £94.10s for his services for 18 days, together with £22.10s for his expenses, and these two items, together with some minor charges by his firm amounted to £126.8s.1d. The total cost of the enquiry was therefore £186.4s.6d.

The Times considered that the visit was too short for the investigators to master all the facts, and The Welshman continued to condemn 'the mysterious mission of Mr Hall into Carmarthenshire, to pacify a people whose grievances he did not enquire into, with whose habits he was not familiar, whose language he did not understand, to whom he presented himself in the mere aspect of an upper constable police magistrate'. On the day on which they left, the Aberystwyth turnpike trustees, unaware of their movements, sent a request to the home office that they should attend a meeting on 26 August to investigate conditions in the Aberystwyth area, and were dismayed to learn that they had already departed. They still requested the home secretary to send Hall or some competent person to examine the accounts of their trust. When a fortnight had gone by without any report the lords lieutenant became anxious. They had delayed taking action about the gates which had been destroyed in order that they might act in concert on the basis of any recommendation by Hall. Unless he produced a plan with regard to the tolls, said Trevor, his visit would have been useless. Even the prime minister, Sir Robert Peel, had doubts whether Hall's enquiry was an adequate fulfilment of the government's promise to investigate 'the causes of insubordination in Wales'. Sir James Graham replied that the continued disturbances were a cause of great anxiety to him. He therefore sent Peel a copy of Hall's report, and announced his intention of sending a letter to the three lords lieutenant based on this report. But he also felt that Hall's enquiry should be regarded merely as a preliminary investigation, that it was necessary to appoint a commission under the Great Seal to report on the disturbances. The composition of this commission was a matter of difficulty. The obvious chairman was Lord Cawdor, but he was too mixed up in the local disputes. Graham was therefore approaching Thomas Frankland Lewis of Harpton in Radnorshire.

The present writer had been entirely unable to trace the report which Graham forwarded to Peel. Its content is no doubt incorporated in the letter which he sent to the lords lieutenant on 15 September 1843. He admitted that the complaints of occupiers of land against their landowners were well founded in many instances, but this was difficult to remedy by legislation. The objections to the commutation of the tithes was due, not so much to any defect in the law, as to the fact that tithes had hitherto been much lower in Wales than in England, and that the burden in Wales fell entirely on the occupier and not on the landowner. The trusts were the primary cause of complaint. Side bars had been greatly multiplied, so that the cost of conveying lime had greatly increased. It was possible that the abuses of the trusts had been exaggerated, but it was necessary to examine them and restore confidence through publicity. It was difficult to legislate without a detailed knowledge of the finances and management of all the trusts, and he was therefore advising the crown to issue a commission for that purpose. He would seek to bring the perpetrators of outrages to justice, but he relied on the exertions of the magistracy and landed proprietors in co-operating to recover the good will of the community and 'restore peace by a kind consideration of the wants and feelings of those who are dependent upon them for protection and for the fair reward of honest industry'. This was a generous acknowledgment of the existence of grievances, and it set the tone for the subsequent Report of the Commission of Inquiry for South Wales. Trevor replied to the home secretary agreeing that it would be well to make landowners responsible for the tithe rent charge. He was disposed to defend the record of the turnpike trusts, but he welcomed the appointment of a commission, and hoped it would pay special attention to the poor law which was the subject of much antipathy. The commission, consisting of Thomas Frankland Lewis, Robert Henry Clive, and William Cripps, was established on 10 October. It began its public enquiry at Carmarthen on 30 October.

Ellis did not submit his own report till 2 November. He began with certain general remarks about the motives which led to the establishment of trusts and the rivalry between them. Often roads specified in the turnpike trust acts were not completed, and their surveyors were sometimes unable to identify their own roads. The money expended on them was inadequate, and trustees who had undertaken to improve roads were said to have made a profit thereby, although Ellis thought it just as likely that they had lost money. The accounts of several trusts were in a poor state. He regarded the multiplication of catch gates as oppressive, and thought that the system of tolls should be overhauled. It was equally important to revise the general law regulating the affairs of turnpike trusts. He then proceeded to examine each trust in turn, starting with the Cardigan Trust. Here the chief grievance was the 'third toll' already mentioned, and the existence of a gate on the road leading to Aberystwyth which was a great burden since it was within the town, as the town had grown beyond it.  The finances of the Fishguard Trust were beyond explanation. Here also there was a gate at Prendergast within the town of Haverfordwest. There was little objectionable to report on the management of the Tavernspite Trust, except the existence of a 'plague spot' at Robeston Wathen, where it joined the Whitland Trust. It was on the roads of the latter that rioting had begun in 1839. There was a suspicion that money had been laid out in improving roads to gentlemen's houses. The Main Trust was thriving and well managed, but had incurred an expenditure of £18,000 in repairs which had nearly ruined it. The Three Commotts Trust and the Kidwelly Trust had been the subject of more odium than any others because they were rivals and their roads intersected. Their administration had become mixed up with local politics. The Llandilo or Rhynys (sic) Trust, which controlled a bridge across the Towy, had become the sole property of John Jones of Ystrad, the late member for Carmarthen. The Llandilo and Llandebie Trust was objectionable only in the number of its gates, and this was also true of the Llandilo and Llangadock Trust and the Llandovery and Lampeter Trust, which was under the same management as the last. The finances of the Carmarthen and Brechfa Trust were chaotic. The clerk of the Carmarthenshire and Lampeter Trust was illiterate. Finally, the Carmarthen and Newcastle Trust had increased their tolls, with the exception of tolls on gentlemen's carriages, conduct which Ellis designated as 'a fraud' and 'glaringly partial and unjust'. One trustee had undertaken to improve the road, and was said to have made a profit by it. Part of this 'improvement' was the building of a wall at Talog (which was pulled down in one of the incidents in the Rebecca Riots).

Ellis's report in the Public Record Office is endorsed 'copy sent confidentially to the Rt Hon Frankland Lewis, 3 November 1843'. That copy has now reached the National Library of Wales

David Williams

Aberystwyth

Elwyn Evans, National Library of Wales journal Vol VI/1, Summer 1949

Extracted onto the pages of GENUKI with the kind permission of the National Library of Wales

This is a full extract of the background remarks but only an alphabetical INDEX of names appearing in the original Toll Books.[Gareth Hicks July 2002].

Here is Plate VI.i from the article titled;  'A Sketch Map Showing Places Mentioned in Machynlleth Toll Books 1632' which shows the distribution of buyers and sellers in graphic form.

The two Toll Books printed below in a slightly abbreviated form were found among the manorial and other documents deposited from time to time in the National Library of Wales by the Right Honourable the Earl of Powis. Extant Toll Books are comparatively rare. The only other examples in the Library are four for some North Pembrokeshire fairs (1599-1603) in the Bronwydd Collection 1 and an account book of the Cattle tolls of Machynlleth fairs for the years 1748-1751 in the Wynnstay Collection. 2

Machynlleth received a charter in 1291 for a weekly market and two annual fairs. 3 The revenue derived from these sources is mentioned in inquisitions-postmortem of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, and the turn-over at these markets and fairs seems to have reached a considerable amount.

In the reign of Elizabeth we find jurors who were sworn to 'enquire for the Queen's majesty' petitioning for either a confirmation of the charters of Llanidloes and Machynlleth, or for obtaining 'such new grants and liberties as shall be thought reasonable to Her Majesty and her Council'. They refer to these markets as the ' refuge of the upper part of Montgomery, of the most part of Radnorshire, and wholly serveth Cardiganshire and Merioneddshire'. Incidental and fragmentary evidence contained in such records as Gaol Files and Plea Rolls indicates that the fairs and markets at Machynlleth were attended by people drawn from an extensive area and that large numbers of dealers in sheep, sheep skins, wool, and cloth came to the town. It is probable that trading in the area benefited much from the more settled conditions prevailing after the Act of Union, and the strong rule of Rowland Lee as President of the Council in the Marches of Wales. It appears from litigation which took place in the seventeenth century that Machynlleth enjoyed increasing prosperity as a market centre. It was claimed that while the tolls of the town had been leased for £27 per annum they were worth considerably more. 4  Machynlleth appears to have challenged the position of such towns as Oswestry and Shrewsbury as a distributing centre for cloth. In 1613 the drapers of Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Whitchurch complained to the Privy Council that certain French merchants of London who came to Machynlleth bought up much cloth that would otherwise have been taken to Oswestry. From Machynlleth the cloth was shipped direct to France. This meant the impoverishment of many persons in Oswestry and the decay of the ancient staple there. The Council in the Marches of Wales was called upon to enforce the statutes dealing with the cloth trade. 5

• 1 Printed in The Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies, Vol. VII, Pt. 3, p. 284 (Nov. 1934).
• 2 Wynnstay Documents, L. 145.
• 3 Calendar of Charter Rolls, Vol. II, P. 408.
• 4 Exchequer Depositions, E. 134, 13. Ch. I, Mich. 55.
• 5 Skeel, C. A. J. : The Council in the Marches of Wales

The two toll books (dated 5 May and 28 June 1632) printed below show that in 1632 as in the reign of Elizabeth the Machynlleth fairs served an extensive area embracing practically the whole of Cardiganshire and the greater portion of Merioneth. It is not known how many fairs were held at Machynlleth in the seventeenth century, but in the middle of the eighteenth century there were five fairs, including one on 5 May and another on 28 June. 1 These toll books contain much interesting information. They show that the supply of animals at these two fairs was drawn from about 50 parishes in the counties of Merioneth, Montgomery, Cardigan, Carmarthen, and Denbigh, while the demand was distributed among some 56 parishes in the counties of Denbigh, Flint, Montgomery, Merioneth, Cardigan, Radnor, Brecknock, Hereford, and Shropshire. Drovers from the counties of Brecknock, Hereford, and Shropshire attended the fairs. At the June fair one Lewis Griffiths of Mainston on the Montgomeryshire-Shropshire border bought 19 cattle, and Thomas ap Rhytherch, one of six buyers from the Breconshire parish of Llanflhangel Bryn Pabuan, bought 10 cattle. At the May fair one Francis King, described as a drover of Northall in Herefordshire, bought 138 sheep. Another interesting feature is the transfer of sheep, especially of yearlings, from Cardiganshire to Merioneth and Montgomeryshire. Upwards of 60 per cent of the sheep came from Cardiganshire, with the four parishes of Llanfihangel-Lledrod, Llanfihangel-genau'r glyn, Llanbadarn Fawr, and Caron accounting for upwards of 1,300 sheep out of a total of some 3,800 entered in the tollbooks. On the demand side almost 50 per cent of the sheep went to Merioneth buyers, with the four parishes of Dolgelley, Towyn, Llanymowddwy and Pennal absorbing almost one third of the total number entered (1,325 out of a total of some 3,900). Some 33 per cent of the sheep were bought by Montgomeryshire men. The cattle were drawn mainly from Montgomeryshire (46 per cent) and Merioneth (41 per cent), their buyers coming mainly from such counties as Brecknockshire, Shropshire, and the eastern parts of Montgomeryshire. The accompanying tables show the distribution of demand and supply according to Counties, and also the prices of the various categories of animals. 2

Elwyn Evans

• 1 Wynnstay Documents, L. 145.
• 2 See also  Plate VI,i.I am indebted to Miss Gwyneth Lewis, F.L.A. of the Department of Prints, Drawings, and Maps, for the map

In the article itself there now follows a Table of Prices showing the above data for each type of 17 different class of animal under these headings ; Class of Animal; Number Entered, May/June; Lowest Price; Highest Price; Average Range.

The data is not extracted here but to illustrate the content (following the above headings) here are two specimen lines;

• Cows; 59; 81; £1.4s.0d; £4.16s.11d; £1.10s0d ---£2.5s.0.
• Sheep; 334; 12; -3s.4d; -6s.11d; -4s---5s.

The next two tables are complete ;

Tables showing the distribution of supply and demand according to counties

                       Sheep                                                                             Cattle

The Toll Books

Indexer's comments

• Below is an alphabetical index of the personal names appearing on  pages 82 onwards in the journal; the relevant journal page numbers are given to aid identifying each entry and are either annotated B for Buyer or S for Seller, a few with neither (being pledges).
• Original spelling; place name accents have not been copied.
• No distinction is made between Toll Books I & II as far as the index is concerned, Book II starts on page 95.
• If there is no apparent surname ( i.e a clear patronymic form ) then the entry is shown in a separate section before the main surname index. Whether the latter  are 'real' surnames depends on the extent that the Toll Book writer, or the person himself, simply left out the 'ap', I must say that it does seem very early to have such a high incidence of fixed surnames.
• There are 756 entries in total, of which 227 (30%) are in patronymic style and have no apparent surname, against 529 (70%) that do have one
  • An analysis of the patronymic section only shows the following 6  given names (in descending order of frequency) which make up  almost 50% (of the total first patronymic given names only);
    • David=29
    • Hugh=19
    • John=19
    • Evan=17
    • Thomas=17
    • Richard=11
  • An analysis of the apparent surnames in the surnames section only with more than 10 entries (in descending order of frequency ) shows the following 13 surnames which make up c  69%  (of the total surname entries only );
    • David=57; Davies=1
    • Thomas=47
    • John=32; Johnes=4; Jones=4
    • Griffith/Gryffith/Gryffyth=35; Griffiths=1
    • Evan=24; Evan(e)s=7
    • Owen=24
    • Lloyd=22
    • Lewis=21
    • Morgan=20; Morgans=1
    • Jenkin=17
    • Moris/Morys=16
    • William=13;Williams=1
    • Pugh=12 (note the Hugh given name above, i.e 'ap Hugh'=Pugh)

The Latin introduction at the head of the Toll Books entries is;

Book I

• Nundinum te[ntum] apud M[achynlleth quinto die Maii [A]nno
• Regni [domini] nostri Charloi dei gratia Angliae Scotiae
• Franciae et Hiberniae Rs fidei defensoris etc Octavo Anno domini 1632.

Book II

• Nundinum tentum apud Machynlleth vicessimo octavo die Junii Anno Regni Domini nostri Caroli dei gratia
• Angliae, Scotiae, Ffranciae et Hyberniae Regis fidei defensoris etc. Octavo Anno salutis humana  1632.

As an example, here is the first entry in full;

The Index

---, ---, Tal y llyn, 102S

---, ?, of Machynlleth, 87S

---, .... David ap Ieuan ap Edward, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 99S

---, ...an Lewis, of Towyn Merionith, 83S

---, ...van, of Darowen, 102S

---, Anthony..... ap William, p of Llanenthwy...Meirion, 100S

---, Arnold ap Evan, of Machynlleth, 90S

---, Cathrin Verch Richard, of Towyn, 99S

---, David ap David, of Kemmes, 92B

---, David ap Edward, of Tal y llyn, 85B

---, David ap Evan ap Owen, of Llanidlos, 95B

---, David ap Evan, of Llanbadarn fach Trefeglwys, 93S

---, David ap Evan, of Llanbadarn Trefeglwys, 98S

---, David ap Evan, of Llanvihangelgen', 88S

---, David ap Evan, of Machynlleth, 98S

---, David ap Evan, of Pennall, 86B

---, David ap Harrie ap Humffrey, of Machenlleth, 102S

---, David ap Howell ap Rees, of Machynlleth, 88S

---, David ap Humffrey, of Llanihangell y Pennant, 99S

---, David ap Humffrey, p of Llanihangell y Pennant co Meir, 101S

---, David ap Ieuan, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 98S

---, David ap Ieuan, of Llanihangell Ystrad co Card, 93S

---, David ap John William, of Tal y llyn, 84B

---, David ap John, of Pennall, 100S

---, David ap Owen David, of Merionith, 92S

---, David ap Owen David, of Towyn, 92S

---, David ap Owen, of Cemes, 99S

---, David ap Owen, of Machynlleth, 86B

---, David ap Rs, of Llanvihangelgenerlglyn, 86S

---, David ap Thomas ap Hugh, 102S

---, David ap W'., of Kemes, 98B

---, David ap Wm, of Llanegrin, 96B

---, David Lloyd ap Jenkin, of Llangelynin, 94S

---, David Lloyd ap Reignald, p of Llanvihangel gener glyn co Cardigan, 91S

---, D'd ap Hugh ap John, of Pennall, 89S

---, D'd ap Ieuan ap Gryffith, of Machenlleth, 102S

---, D'd ap John ap Humffrey, of Llanihangellyngwnva, 100B

---, Derwas ....., of Darowen, 99S

---, Edd ap Hugh, of Cemes, 99S

---, Edd ap Richard, of Darowen, 98S

---, Ed'd ap Richard. ...., 103S

---, Edward ap Elissa, p of Llwyngwril, 95S

---, Edward ap Ieuan, of Machenlleth, 99S

---, Edward ap John, of Pennall, 93B

---, Edward ap Rees ap Edward, of Towyn, 95B

---, Edward ap Robert, p of Hope co Fflynt, 84B

---, Edward John ap Hugh, of Towyn Merionith, 86S

---, Edward Rice ap Edward, p of Towyn, 86B

---, Edward......, Cemes, 102S

---, Elice ap John ap Evan, ....of Mallwyd, 100

---, Elice ap John ap Ieuan, of Mallwyd, 100S

---, Elice ap Morgan, of Towyn, 102S

---, Elice ap William Pugh, p of Mallwyd, 100

---, Elis ap John, of Talyllyn, 97S

---, Elissa ap Lewis ap Howell, of the town of Llwyngwril, 95S

---, Evan ap Edward, of Keri, 90B

---, Evan ap Evan, p of Machenlleth, 88S

---, Evan ap Harry, of Machenlleth, 102S

---, Evan ap Humffrey, of Llanoryn, 102S

---, Evan ap Humffrey, of Llanworyn, 91S

---, Evan ap Richard David, p of Llanworin, 95S

---, Evan ap Rydd, p of Llanychaiarn co Cardigan, 86S

---, Evan David ap Evan ap llewelin, p of Llanworyn, 103S

---, Evan David ap Evan, 96S

---, Evan David ap Howell, of Llanymowddwy, 85B

---, Evan David ap Hugh, of Darowen, 95S

---, Evan D'd ap Hugh, of Darowen, 101S

---, Evan D'd ap Ieuan ap John, of Penegos, 94S

---, Evan John ap Moris, p of Llanbadarn, 86S

---, Evan John D'd ap Morgan, of Llangynfelyn, 101B

---, Evan Moris ap Rees, of Llanvihangelgen'glyn, 96S

---, Evan Moris ap Rs, of Llanvihangelgen'glyn, 86S

---, Ffrancis ....., of Llanbryn Mair, 99B

---, Griffith ap Rees, of Pennant Melangech co Mountgomery, 85B

---, Griffi....., of Dolgelley,96B

---, Griffith ap Evan, p of Llanvawr co Cardigan, 83B

---, Gryffyth ap Evan, of Towyn, 87B

---, Gryffyth ap Richard, of Towyn, 87B

---, Harry ap Evan, of Celynin (or Llanbadarn Vawr ?), 97S

---, Howell ap Edward, p of Dolgelle, 99B

---, Howell ap Evan, of Llanworyn, 103S

---, Howell ap Owen, of Towyn, 88S

---, Hugh ap Edward, of Towyn, 84B

---, Hugh ap Elissa, of Talyllyn, 84S

---, Hugh ap Ellice, of Talyllyn, 93B

---, Hugh ap Ellis, of Llangylynin, 93B

---, Hugh ap Evan, 98S

---, Hugh ap Evan, of Llanganvelyn, 98S

---, Hugh ap Hugh, 91S

---, Hugh ap Humffrey David, of Llanvihangel y Pennant, 98S

---, Hugh ap Humffrey, of Llanelltyd, 84B

---, Hugh ap Humffrey, of Llanelltyd, 86B

---, Hugh ap Humffrey, of Pennall, 84B

---, Hugh ap John ap Hugh, Machenlleth, 99B

---, Hugh ap John ap Hugh, of Machenlleth, 87S

---, Hugh ap John ap Rydd', ..., 103S

---, Hugh ap Owen, of Darowen, 96S

---, Hugh ap Richard, of Darowen, 93S

---, Hugh ap Rytherch, of Llanbadarn Trev Eglwys, 85S

---, Hugh David ap John, of Dolgelle, 93S

---, Hugh John ap Rees, p of Machenlleth, 94S

---, Humffrey ap Edd', de .....llyn, 103S

---, Humffrey ap Lewis, of Llanvihangel y penant, 98B

---, Humffrey ap Richard, of Tal y llyn, 84S

---, Humffrey David ap Ednyved, p of Llanaber, 95B

---, Ieuan ap William Owen, p of Dolgelle, 85B

---, Ieuan D'd ap Ieuan ap Edward, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 92S

---, Jane verch Harry, 93S

---, Jane verch Humffrey, p of Machenlleth, 94B

---, Jenkin ap Evan David, Llangoedmor co Cardigan, 85S

---, Jenkin ap Evan, of Llanychaiarn, co [Cardig]an, 82S

---, John ap Edward, of Towyn, 95B

---, John ap Evan Lloyd, of Llanganvelyn co Cardigan, 92B

---, John ap Evan, of Llan llar co Cardigan, 83S

---, John ap Ho'll ap Owen, of Dolgelley, 97B

---, John ap Hugh ap Rees, of Pennall, 88B

---, John ap Hugh, 84S

---, John ap Hugh, of Cemes, 100S

---, John ap Hugh, of Machenlleth, 100B

---, John ap Ieuan ap Owen, of Talyllyn, 100S

---, John ap John Th...., 103S

---, John ap John, 98S

---, John ap Rees ap John, p of Llanymowddwy co Merionith, 83B

---, John ap Rees ap Lewis, of Llandddinam, 87B

---, John ap Rees ap Lewis, of Llanddinam, 103B

---, John ap Richard, of Machenlleth, 93S

---, John ap Wm., of Pennall, 100S

---, John David ap Jenkin, of Llanbrinmair, 88B

---, John Pugh ap Rees, 92B

---, John Richard ap Owen, p of Machenlleth, 102S

---, Lewis ap Evan ap Jenkin, of Pennegos, 83S

---, Lewis ap Evan, of Towyn, 86B

---, Lewis ap Hugh ap Lewis, of Machynlleth, 94S

---, Lewis ap Humffrey, of Llanvihangelypennant, 98B

---, Lewis ap Ieuan ap Lewis, of Llangerrig, 95B

---, Lewis ap Jenkin, of Towyn, 88B

---, Lewis ap John ...., of Towyn, 97S

---, Lewis ap John ap William, p of Towyn, 94B

---, Lewis ap Owen, of Towyn, 85B

---, Lewis ap Rees, of Darowen, 101B

---, Meredith ap Evan, of Meivod co Mount', 86B

---, Meredith ap Richard, p of Pilstrowyd (sic) co Mountgomry, 82B

---, Miles ap Jenkin, of Llangerick, 100B

---, Morgan ap Edward, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 84S

---, Morgan ap Ieuan ap Morys, of Llanihangel gener glyn, 93S

---, Morgan Gr ap Gr, of Mallwyd, 90S

---, Moris ap Evan, Llanvihangel lletherod, 82S

---, Moris ap Owen, of this parish, 85S

---, Moris Powell ap Robert, of Llanvihangel gen', 90S

---, Morris ap Howell ap Robert, p of Llanvihangelgenerglun co Cardigan, 95S

---, Morys ap Hugh, p of Llanihangellgwnva, 101B

---, Morys ap Ieuan ap Morys, p of Llanbadarn Vawr, 100B

---, Morys D'd ap ......., Llanbrynmair, 101B

---, Morys...., of Machenlleth, 102S

---, Owen ap John Robert, of Towyn, 98S

---, Owen David ap Evan, of Llanvihangel gen', 90S

---, Owen D'd ap Evan, of Llanvihangel gen'glyn, 98S

---, Owen Lewis ap Humffre, Tal y llyn, 89B

---, Owen Lewis ap Humffrey, of Talyllyn, 93B

---, Pierce ap Evan, of Darowen, 85S

---, Pierce ap Ieuan, of Darowen, 92,B

---, Rees ap ...., Darowen, 98S

---, Rees ap Evan Rowland, of Llanvihangel gen' glyn. 85S

---, Rees ap Evan, of Carno, 95B

---, Rees ap Hugh, of Tal y llyn, 83B

---, Rees ap Ieuan, of Llanegrin, 98B

---, Rees ap Morys, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 93S

---, Rees D'd ap John, of Llanihangell lletherod, 89S

---, Rice ap Edward, of Llanaber, 92B

---, Rice ap John, of Llanvi[hangel] lletherod, 86S

---, Rice ap John, of Llanvihangel lltherod, 86S

---, Rice ap Pugh, of Llaneron, 88S

---, Rice ap Robert, of Llanymowddwy co Merionith, 86B

---, Richard ap ..., Llanvihangelgenerglyn, 103S

---, Richard ap Elissa, of Dolgelley, 96B

---, Richard ap Evan Lloyd, of Llanvihangel gen', 90B

---, Richard ap Howell, of Llanelltyd, 86B

---, Richard ap Hugh, p of Llanbadarn Vawr, 101S

---, Richard ap Owen James, of Darowen, 97S

---, Richard John ap Ieuan, ap John, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 102S

---, Richard Moris ap John, of Llanvihangelgen', 88S

---, Richard Pugh ap Humffrey, of Dolgelley, 98B

---, Richard....., Llanegryn, 102S

---, Richard...... 102S

---, Robert ap Edward, of Llanganvelyn, 86S

---, Robert ap Hugh, of Cemes, 99S

---, Robert ap Humffrey, of Llanoryn, 93B

---, Robert ap Rydd', of Kem'es, 98S

---, Robert ap Rytherch, of Cemes, 85S

---, Rowland ap Evan ap W', of Mowddwy, 88B

---, Rowland ap Evan, of Llanoryn, 101S

---, Rowland ap Hugh, of Towyn, 93B

---, Rowland David ap Evan, of Llanoryn, 96S

---, Rydd' ap Richard, of Llanychaiarn, 96S

---, Rydd David ap Owen, of this parish, 85S

---, Rytherch David ap Jenkin, of Machenlleth, 93B

---, Rytherch...., p of Machenlleth, 101S

---, Salby ap Evan, of Gelly co Cardigan, 82S

---, Simont ap Richard, of Dolgelle, 85B

---, Stephen ap ......, of St Armon co Radnor, 83B

---, Thomas ap .... Ieuan Vaughan, of Cemes, 100S

---, Thomas ap Edward, 99B

---, Thomas ap Edward, of Llanaber co Meirion, 100

---, Thomas ap Edward, of Llanavan Vawr, 102B

---, Thomas ap Elice, 101B

---, Thomas ap Evan David, of Llanychaiarn, 98S

---, Thomas ap Howell Thomas, of Llanymowthwy, 89S

---, Thomas ap Hugh, 84S

---, Thomas ap Ieuan ap Hugh, of Pennall, 93B

---, Thomas ap Ieuan ap Hugh, of Pennall, 96B

---, Thomas ap Ieuan D'd, of Llanllwchayarn, 101S

---, Thomas ap Rytheirch, p of Llanihangell bryn Pabuan, 100B

---, Thomas ap Thomas, of Llanwenog co Cardigan, 90S

---, Thomas David ap Evan, of Mallwyd, 86B

---, Thomas David ap John, of Llanvihangel lletherod, 85S

---, Thomas David ap John, of Llanvihangel Lletherod, 92S

---, Thomas David ap John, p of Llanvihangel lletherod, 86S

---, W'. ap Edd, of Kem'es, 97S

---, Watkin ap David, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 92S

---, Watkin John ap Owen, of Llanvachreth, 95S

---, William ap .....Evan, of Pennall, 99B

---, William ap Hugh, p of Llanvyllin, 102B

---, William ap Ieuan Thomas, of Bodgadvan, 101B

---, William ap Ieuan, of Talyllyn, 100S

---, William John ap Edward, of Llanvihangel-gen'glyn, 92S

---, William John D'd ap Rees, of Towyn, 93S

---, Wm John D'd ap ..., 103S

Anwyll, William gen, of Cemes, 89S

Arthur, Humffrey, of Towyn, 98S

Arthyr, Evan, of Llanoryn, 87B

Ash, John, of Whitechurch, 85S

Ashe, John, of Whitchurch co Penbrook, 93S

Ball, Richard, of the p of Towyn, 90S

Ball, Richard, of Towyn, 87S

Bishop, John, of Newtowne, 97B

Browne, Evan, of Cherk co Denbigh, 98S

Browne, Evan, of Chirke, 102S

Byshopp, John, of Newtone, 82B

Cadwgan, Thomas, of Llanihangel bryn Pabwan, 93B

Churchman, William, of Llanoryn, 97S

Clifton, Ffardinando, of the Red castle, 95B

Clocker, Thomas, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 87B

Clodston, Thomas, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 97B

Clysan (?), Marie, of Towyn, 100S

David, Arthur, of Pennall, 90B

David, Cadwalad, of Llanvihangel Wynfa, 97B

David, Catherine, of Penegoes, 87S

David, David ap Owen, of Merionith, 92S

David, David ap Owen, of Towyn, 92S

David, Edward, of Kemmes, 96S

David, Edward, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 86S

David, Edward, of Llanegrin co Merionith, 82B

David, Evan ap Evan ap Llewelin, of Llanworyn, 103S

David, Evan ap Richard, p of Llanworin, 95S

David, Evan, of Llanvihangel generglyn, 86S

David, Evan, of Towyn, 88B

David, Evan, of Tre Garon, 89S

David, Griffith, 85B

David, Hugh ap Humffrey, of Llanvihangel y Pennant, 98S

David, Hugh, 93S

David, Hugh, of Llammowddwy, 91S

David, Hugh, of Llanbrinmair, 96B

David, Hugh, of Llanworyn, 91S

David, Humffrey, of Darowen, 84S

David, Jenkin ap Evan, Llangoedmor co Cardigan, 85S

David, Jenkin, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 93S

David, John, of Coris, 96B

David, John, of Kairon co Cardigan, 94S

David, John, of Koris, 96B

David, John, p of Llan y Mowddwy co Merionith, 82B

David, John, p of Llanganvelyn, 84S

David, Mered', of Llanvihangel Bryn Pabian, 103B

David, Morgan, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 96S

David, Moris, of Llanbrinmair, 90B

David, Moris, of Llanbrinmair, 96B

David, Morys Thomas, of Rhydfelyn fach in com (sic) Llanbadarn Vawr, 95B

David, Owen, of Llanvihangelgenerglyn, 96S

David, Owen, of Tal y llyn, 84B

David, Richard John, of Machynlleth, 103B

David, Richard, of Towyn, 103S

David, Richard, p of Libery co Sallop, 91B

David, Richard, p of Llanbrinmair, 82S

David, Rowland, of Llanworyn, 91S

David, Samuell, of Llanegrin, 98B

David, Thomas ap Evan, of Llanychaiarn, 98S

David, Thomas, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 83S

David, Thomas, of Llanwenog co Cardigan, 86S

David, Thomas, of Llanwenog, 86S

David, Thomas, of Llanwenog, 92S

David, William, of Llanihangell-generglyn, 89S

Davies, Zacharias, of Tref Eglwys, 89B

D'd, Elice Tudder, of Llanegryn, 99S

D'd, Hugh, of Llanegryn, 100B

D'd, Hugh, of Pennall, 101S

D'd, John, of Cemes, 100S

D'd, John, of Kemmes, 96S

D'd, Mredith John, of Llanoryn, 102S

D'd, Owen John, Machenelleth, 102B

D'd, Rees, of Llanervill, 101B

D'd, Thomas ap Ieuan, of Llanllwchayarn, 101S

D'd, Thomas, p of Darowen, 101B

Deavers, John, of Mathavarn, 84B

Eccleston, Thomas, p of Machynlleth, 82S

Edd, Catherine, of Towyn, 95S

Edd, Humffrey, of .....yllyn, 96S

Edward, John, of Llanegryn, 93S

Elissa, Edward, of Talyllyn, 101S

Evan, David, of Cemes, 93S

Evan, David, of Towyn, 103S

Evan, David, of Towyn, 87S

Evan, Edward, of Llanddeinol, 100S

Evan, Edward, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 87S

Evan, Gryffyth, of Towyn, 93B

Evan, Humffrey, of Towyn, 99S

Evan, John, of Dolgelley, 96B

Evan, John, of Towyn, 91S

Evan, Lewis, Llanvihangel-gen'glyn, 92S

Evan, Lewis, of the Carreg Ystym y llath, 97S

Evan, Llewelyn, of Pennegos, 90B

Evan, Morgan, of Towyn, 82S

Evan, Morys, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 85S

Evan, Owen, p of Mallwyd, 89S

Evan, Richard, .....el Penant, 97S

Evan, Richard, 98S

Evan, Richard, of Llanvihangel y Pennant, 91B

Evan, Rowland, of Mach:, 98S

Evan, Shelby, of Kellan co Cardigan, 84S

Evan, Thomas, of Llanworin co Mountgom'y, 83B

Evan, Thomas, of Llanworin, 96S

Evan, Thomas, of Llanworyn, 83B

Evan, Thomas, of Llwyngwril, 96B

Evane, Lewis, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 88S

Evanes, Lewis, p of Machenlleth, 84S

Evanes, Robert, of the town of Machenlleth, 89S

Evanes, Thomas, of Llanbryn Mair, 87S

Evans, David, of Pennegos, 86S

Evans, Robert, of Llanworin, 103S

Evans, Robert, of Machenlleth, 99S

Evans, Shielby, of Kellan, 88B

Ffrances, Richard, of Towyn, 87S

Ffrancis, Richard, of Cemes, 89S

German, Thomas, of Llanvihangel-brynpabian, 96B

Glyn, Evan Morgan, of Llanid....., 98B

Goch, John D'd, TreGaron, 87S

Godwin, Edward, p of Llanwnnog, 90B

Griff...., Humffrey,...Darowen, 103B

Griffith, David, of Bettus Bledrus, 92S

Griffith, David, of Bettus, 90S

Griffith, David, of Darowen, 83S

Griffith, David, of Llanerchairon, 90S

Griffith, David, of Llanychairon, 86S

Griffith, David, of Llanychairon, 92S

Griffith, David, p of Bettus bledrus co Cardigan, gent, 82S

Griffith, Derwas Mr, 88S

Griffith, Edward, of Darowen, 97S

Griffith, Edward, of Llanworin, 96S

Griffith, Evan, of Llanbed co Merionith, 82S

Griffith, Evan, of Llanvihangel-gen'glyn, 103B

Griffith, Evan, of Mowddwy, 83B

Griffith, Howell, of Mowddwy, 97S

Griffith, James, of Towyn co Merionith, 94S

Griffith, John, of Llanvihangelgen'glyn, 96S

Griffith, Lewis, of Darowen, 97S

Griffith, Morgan, 88S

Griffith, Oliv', of Pennall, 97S

Griffith, Richard, of Llanvihangel lletherod, 83S

Griffith, Rowland, of Pennall, 88S

Griffith, Thomas, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 97S

Griffith, Thomas, of Pennegos, 82B

Griffith, Thomas, p of Llan y Mowddwy, 82B

Griffith, William, p of Llanvihangel lletherod, 82B

Griffiths, Lewis, of Mainston co Mountgomry, 97B

Grifith, Elissa, p of Dolgelley co Merionith, 86B

Gryffes, John, of Llangynvelyn, 89B

Gryffith, Edward, of Llangelynin, 99S

Gryffith, Edward, p of Llanbedr co Meirionyth, 101

Gryffith, John, of Darowen, 99S

Gryffyth, Evan, of Llanbedr Ardydwy, 87S

Gryffyth, Harry, of Llanihangel y Creythyn, 93S

Gryffyth, Humffrey, of Darowen, 94B

Gryffyth, Morys, of Llanoryn co Mont, 89S

Gryffyth, Richard, of Llanihangell lletherod co Card, 84S

Gryffyth, Richard, of Tal y llyn, 84B

Gwillim, Owen, of Pennegos, 101S

Harry, John, of Llanvihangel gener-glyn, 91S

Hayden, W'm, of Llanvihangelgen'glyn, 96B

Hopton, Ffortuna, of Pennegos, 97S

Howell, David, of Machynlleth, 85B

Howell, Hugh Jenkin, Llanihangell-gene/r/glyn, 87S

Howell, Hugh. Of Llanymowddwy, 86B

Howell, Meredith, of Llanwnnog, 83B

Howell, Morgan, [of Llan]-vihangel-gen'glyn, 98B

Howell, Morgan, of Rwysly in Trefeglwys, 92B

Howell, William, of Llanihangell gene/r/glyn, 84S

Hugh, John, Pennegos, 86S

Humff..., Edward, of Darowen, 96B

Humffre, ..., of Llanglynin, 102S

Humffrey, Edward, of Towyn, 86B

Humffrey, John, of Pennall, 89S

Humffrey, John, p of Llangelynin, 91S

Humffrey, Morgan, of Mach:, 96S

Humffrey, Richard, p of Mach :, 82S

Humffrey, Rytherch, of Mowddwy, 88B

Ieuan, Elizabeth, p of Pennall, 101B

James, Harry, of Llanavon co Cardigan, 83B

James, John, of Hofa, 84S

James, Richard ap Owen, of Darowen, 97S

James, Rowland, of Llanworin, 85S

James, Thomas, Llanbadarn Vawr, 89S

James, Thomas, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 96S

James, Thomas, of Towyn, 95S

Jenkin, David Morgan, of Llanbrynmair, 85S

Jenkin, David, 85B

Jenkin, D'd, of Towyn, 94S

Jenkin, Edd, p of Llanbadarn Vawr, 98S

Jenkin, Edward, p of Machenlleth, 93S

Jenkin, Elizabeth, of Llanihangell-generglyn, 89S

Jenkin, Evan, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 88S

Jenkin, Harry, of Machenlleth, 87S

Jenkin, Hugh, Machynlleth, 91S

Jenkin, Hugh, of Llanvihangel gen', 90S

Jenkin, Ieuan Rees, of Towyn, 93S

Jenkin, Oliver, of Machenlleth, 99B

Jenkin, Owen, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 92S

Jenkin, Richard, of Caron co Cardigan, 92S

Jenkin, Richard, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 93S

Jenkin, William, of Llanvihangel lletherod, 88S

Jenkin, William, p of Llanihangell lletherod, 84S

John, Catherine, of Llanoryn, 97S

John, David, of Llanihangell gener Glyn, 87S

John, David, of Llanvihangel gen', 90S

John, D'd Lloyd, of Llan............, 97S

John, Edward, of Darowen, 101S

John, Elis, of Talyllyn, 94S

John, Evan, of Ll.....awr, 95B

John, Evan, of Llanvihangelgenerglyn, 83S

John, Evan, of Mach: , 92B

John, Evan, p of Llan-Rhystyd co Card, 87S

John, Gryffyth, of Llanihangell-gener-glyn, 89S

John, Gryffyth, of Mallwyd, 84B

John, Harry, ...egos, 99S

John, Hugh, of Carno, 99B

John, Humffrey, p of Mallwyd, 86B

John, Morgan, of Tregaron, 87S

John, Morgan, of Tregaron, 88B

John, Morgan, p of Caron co Card, 93S

John, Morgan, p of Caron co Cardigan, 82S

John, Owen, of Pennall, 85S

John, Owen, of Tal-y-llyn, 90B

John, Owen, of Towyn, 96S

John, Owen, p of Towyn, 101S

John, Rees, of Carno, 87B

John, Richard ap Ieuan ap John, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 102S

John, Richard, of Llanihangellgenerglyn, 89S

John, Richard, of Pennall, 91S

John, Robert, of Mallwyd, 90S

John, Sable, p of Llanvihangelgener-glyn co Cardigan, 82B

John, Thomas, of Llanvihagellgenerglyn, 83S

John, William, of Karnoe, 90B

John, William, p of Pennall, 97S

Johnes, Evan, p of Gilsfeeld, 87B

Johnes, Hugh, of Pennall, 101

Johnes, Robert, of ......advan, 100B

Johnes, Thomas, p of Llanymowthwy, 101B

Johnes, William, of Aberhaveys, 84B, 90B

Jones, David, of Caron co Cardigan, 92S

Jones, David, of Treg...., 96S

Jones, David, of Tregaron, 96S

Jones, James, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 85S

King, Ffrancis, of Hereford, Drover, 84B

Kinge, Ffrancis, of Narthall co Hereford, 91B

Kinston, John, p of Llanddinam, 88B

Lewes, Owen, p of Llanbadarn Fawr, 84S

Lewis, David, of Llanvihangelgen'-glyn, 84S

Lewis, Edd, of Towyn, 97S

Lewis, Evan John, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 90S

Lewis, Evan, of Pennall, 89B

Lewis, Evan, p of Tre Garon, 88S

Lewis, Griffith, of Llanworyn, 95S

Lewis, Hugh, of Kemmes, 90S

Lewis, Humffrey, of Towyn, 87S

Lewis, Humffrey, of Towyn, 95S

Lewis, Jenkin, of ........, 98B

Lewis, Jenkin, of Llangerig, 97B

Lewis, John, .....ngel, 98B

Lewis, Morgan, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 89S

Lewis, Morys, of Llangirick, 99S

Lewis, Oliver, p of Machenlleth, 89S

Lewis, Oliver, p of Machynlleth, 95S

Lewis, Owen, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 102S

Lewis, Owen, of Llanbrinmair, 92S

Lewis, Rydd', of Llanifan, 98B

Lewis, Thomas, de Llwyngwril, 103S

Lewis, W'., of Llangerig, 98B

Lloyd, David John, p of Llanbadarn Vawr, 95B

Lloyd, David, p of Llanganvelyn co Cardigan, 86S

Lloyd, David, p of Llanganvelyn, 88S

Lloyd, David, p of Llangwnnwrdd co Chester[sic], 82S

Lloyd, Edd David, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 96S

Lloyd, Edd', of Llanbrinmair, 88S

Lloyd, Edward, Newtone co Mountgomry, 82B

Lloyd, Evan David, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 90S

Lloyd, George D'd, of Llanddewi frevi, 87S

Lloyd, Griffith, of Llanvihangelgenerglyn, 84B

Lloyd, Griffith, of Llanybithir, 90S

Lloyd, Harry, of Pennall, 97S

Lloyd, Hugh John D'd, of Celynin, 96S

Lloyd, John ap Evan, of Llanganvelyn co Cardigan, 92B

Lloyd, John, of Llanganfelyn, 96S

Lloyd, Moris David, p of Llanddyfnog, 88S

Lloyd, Morys, p of Llangadvan, gent, 89B

Lloyd, Morys, p of Llanidlos, 89B

Lloyd, Rees, of Llang..... Brecknock, 103B

Lloyd, Reginald, of Llansanffraid, 88S

Lloyd, Richard ap Evan, of Llanvihangel gen', 90B

Lloyd, Richard, Llanddewibrevi co Card, 87S

Lucas, David, of Llanihangell-y-Pennant, 99S

Lucas, John, of Tal y llyn, 84B

Mathew, Edward, of Llandysul, 102B

Meredith, David Lloyd, p of Llanbadarne Vawr, 82S

Meredith, Jane, p of Llanworyn, 88B

Morgan, David, of Llanidlos, 93B

Morgan, David, of Penegos, 94B

Morgan, David, of Towyn, 88B

Morgan, Edward, of Llanidlos, 101B

Morgan, Elissa, of Towyn, 84S

Morgan, Evan, of Pentantwyn, 83B

Morgan, Ffortune widow, p of Llanychaiarn, 91S

Morgan, Humffrey, of Llanihangell y Pennant, 102S

Morgan, Ieuan David, of Penegos, 94B

Morgan, John, of Kemes, 96S

Morgan, John, of Kemmes, 92S

Morgan, John, of Kemmes, 97S

Morgan, Owen, of Llanbryn-Mair, 88B

Morgan, Rees, of Towyn, 87S

Morgan, Rees, of Towyn, 89S

Morgan, Rice, of Towyn, 92B

Morgan, Rice, p of Towyn, 95S

Morgan, Richard, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 92B

Morgan, Rowland, of Penwern, 99S

Morgan, Rowland, of Pomwen (?), 102S

Morgans, Hugh, of Gogarth, 94B

Moris, --- Mr, of Kemmes clarck, 84S

Moris, Evan, of Llanworyn, 85S

Moris, Griffith, of Llangylynin, 95S

Moris, Humffrey, of Kemes, 85S

Moris, John, of Llanoryn, 97S

Moris, Owen, of Llanymowdddwy, 82B

Moris, Rees, of Gen'glyn, 88S

Moris, Richard, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 90S

Moris, Thomas, of Llandyssyll, 85B

Moris, William, of Llanvihangel generglyn, 86S

Morris, Jane Lewis, of Darowen, 85S

Morys, Gryffith, clrc, 99S

Morys, Gryffith, clrc, Rector of Cemes, 99S

Morys, Morgan, p of Caron co Card, 84S

Morys, Morgan, p of Caron, 93S

Morys, Rowland, of Llanoryn, 101S

Mredith, Gryffith, p of Llanvair co Meirion, 100S

Newell, Richard Mr, 88S

Nicholas, Evan, of Llanwennog, 96S

Oliver, David, of Llanvihangel lletherod, 85S

Oliver, D'd, of Llanihangell lletherod, 89S

Oliver, Harry, of Mach:, 98B

Oliver, Harry, of Machynlleth, 90S

Oliver, Harry, of Machynlleth, 94S

Oliver, Thomas, of Mach:, 103B

Owen, David, of Pennegos, 91S

Owen, David, of Talyllyn, 93S

Owen, David, of Whitchurch co Pembroke, 85S

Owen, Edward, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 92S

Owen, Edward, of Mallwyd, 93S

Owen, Evan, p of Llanervyll, 101B

Owen, Harry John, of Llanvihangel y Pennant, 83B

Owen, Harry, of Machynlleth, 90B

Owen, Hugh, of Tal y bont, 87B

Owen, Ieuan ap William, p of Dolgelle, 85B

Owen, Jane, of Pennegos, 86B

Owen, John, of Darowen, 83S

Owen, Lewis, of Dolgelle, 87B

Owen, Lewis, of Towyn, 103S

Owen, Margret, of Llanegryn, 93S

Owen, Owen John, p of Towyn, 85B

Owen, Rees, of Penneg.., 103S

Owen, Richard, of Trefeglwys, 100B

Owen, Richard, p of Llanelldyd co Merion, 89S

Owen, Thomas, of Mallwyd, 87S

Owen, Thomas, of Mallwyd, 89B

Owen, Thomas, of Towyn, 88S

Owen, Tudder, p of Dolgelle, 100B

Owen, William, of Llanoryn, 89S

Parry, Thomas, of Darowen, 94B

Phillip, Lewis, of Llanwenog co Card, 85S

Phillip, Thomas D'd, of Llanihangellgenerglyn, 89S

Phillipp, Lewis, p of Llanwenog co Cardigan, 82S

Piers, Roger, of Darowen, 98B

Powell, Griffith, of Towyn, 85B

Powell, Humffrey, p of Towyn co Merionith, 86B

Powell, John, of Llanbadarn Fawr, 87B

Prees, John William, of Pennall, 83S

Prees, William, of Llanvihangel bryn Pabian co Brecknocke, 91B

Price, Edward, p of Pennall, 86B

Price, Elis, of Talyllyn, 98S

Price, Henry Mr, of Pennall, 101

Price, Morgan, of Bushopps castle, 102B

Price, Thomas, gent of Ynys Grygog, 102S

Price, Thomas, of Llan-Avan Vawr, 93B

Price, William, of Llanihangell bryn pabwan, 99B

Prich:, Mary John, of Towyn, 97S

Prichard, Elissa, of Dolgelley, 95B

Prichard, Humffrey, of Tal-y-llyn, 91S

Prichard, William, p of Llanywllin co Merionith, 82B

Proser, William, of Nanmell, 87B

Pugh, David, of Darowen, 88B

Pugh, Elice ap William, p of Mallwyd, 100

Pugh, Humffrey, of Llanegryn, 96S

Pugh, Jane, of Pennall, 84B

Pugh, John, of Darowen, 102S

Pugh, John, of Machynlleth, 96B

Pugh, John, of Pennall, 93S

Pugh, Lewis, of Darowen, 91S

Pugh, Richard Mr, of Penrhos, gent, 91S

Pugh, Robert, of Pennegos, 90S

Pugh, Thomas Mr, of Llanworyn, 94B

Pugh, Thomas, of Kemmes, 91S

Rashle, William, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 89B

Redfern, George, p of Llangerig, 96S

Rees, David, of Llanihangell-gener-glyn, 102S

Rees, David, of Llanvihangelgenerglyn, 96S

Rees, David, of Pennall, 89B

Rees, Evan, of Llangelynin, 84S

Rees, Evan, of Llanvihangelgenerglyn, 90S

Rees, Evan, of Llanwnnen, 83S

Rees, Humffrey, of Pennall, 103S

Rees, Jane, p of Llanvihangel-generglyn, 103S

Rees, Moris, of Llanvihangel gener-glyn, 90B

Reignalld, John, of Dolgelley, 96B

Reignalld, Morys, of Llanihangell gener glyn, 88S

Rice, David, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 86B

Richard, David Lloyd, of Llanvihangel gen', 103S

Richard, Evan Jenkin, of Aberdyfy, 95S

Richard, Hugh, .....el Penant, 97S

Robert, Cadwallader, of Cwmcadian, 91S

Robert, Evan, of Llanbryn-Mair, 89S

Robert, Evan, p of Mallwyd, 100S

Robert, Hugh, p of Llanbryn Mair, 84S

Robert, John, of Kemmes, 97S

Robert, John, of Pennall, 102S

Robert, Owen ap John, of Towyn, 98S

Robert, Owen, of Talyllyn, 96B

Robert, Richard, of Llanihangell gener-glyn, 102S

Robert, Richard, p of Llanvihangel-generglyn, 82S

Roberts, Evan, de Kem'es, 103S

Roberts, John, of Pennall, 91S

Roberts, John, p of Pennall, 88B

Roger, Hugh, of Pennegos, 83S

Roger, John, of Pennall, 85B

Rogers, Richard, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 91S

Rowland, Evan, of Llanganve[lyn], 98S

Rowland, Mathew, of Pennall, 101S

Rowland, Rees ap Evan, of Llanvihangel gen' glyn, 85S

Rowland, Richard, of Llanorin, 97S

Rowland, Richard, of Llanoryn, 102S

R's., John, 103S

Rydd, Richard, of Llanvihangel-generglyn co Cardigan, 86S

Rytherch, Hugh, of Llanbadarn Treveglwys, 91S

Rytherch, Morgan, of Llanbadarn Trefeglwys, 94S

Rytherch, Richard, of Llanwchaiarn, 99S

Rytherch, Roger, of Penegos, 94S

Sheratt, Alen, of Keri co Mountgomry, 82B

Sheratt, Alen, of Keri co Mountgomry, 86B

Swayne, Griffith, 85S

Swayne, Griffith, 97S

Th....., John ap John, 103S

Thomas, David, of Llanbadarn Vawr co Cardigan, 86S

Thomas, David, of Llanvihangel-generglyn co Cardigan, 83S

Thomas, David, p of Llanganvelyn co Cardigan, 95S

Thomas, David, p of Penegos, 101S

Thomas, Ednyved, p of Cemes, 94S

Thomas, Elis, of Tal y llyn, 83S

Thomas, Evan Richard, of Llanbadarn Vawr co Cardigan, 83S

Thomas, Evan, of Llanerch Rochwell, 87B

Thomas, Evan, of Machenlleth, 89S

Thomas, Evan, of Talyllyn, 92S

Thomas, Evan, of the said Llanbadarn, 91S

Thomas, Evan, p of Machenlleth, 100S

Thomas, Griffith David, of Bettus bledrus, 83S

Thomas, Harry, of Pennall, 98S

Thomas, Howell, 99B

Thomas, Howell, of Llanihangell bryn Pabwan, 93B

Thomas, Howell, of Llanihangell-bryn-pabuan, 102B

Thomas, Hugh, of Pennall, 93S

Thomas, Hugh, of Pennegos, 83B

Thomas, Humffrey, of Cemes, 99S

Thomas, Humffrey, of Llanidlos, 93B

Thomas, Humffrey, of Llanidlos, 98B

Thomas, Humffrey, of Llanoryn, 87S

Thomas, James, of Llanbadarn Vawr, 90S

Thomas, John, 93S

Thomas, John, of Darowen, 101S

Thomas, Lewis, of Machenlleth, 100S

Thomas, Marget, of Llangelynin, 83S

Thomas, Meredith, of Tal-y-llyn, 99S

Thomas, Morgan, ...., 101S

Thomas, Morgan, p of Llangenfelyn, 84S

Thomas, Moris, of Llanganvelin, 83S

Thomas, Moris, of Llanyrhaid y mochnant, 96B

Thomas, Morys, of Llanrhayadr-y-mochnant, 89B

Thomas, Rees, of ...., 103S

Thomas, Rees, of Llanihangel gener glyn, 87S

Thomas, Rees, of Llanothyn, 93S

Thomas, Rees, of Llansanffraid co Cardigan, 83S

Thomas, Richard, p of Pool, 101B

Thomas, Robert, of Darowen, 99S

Thomas, Robert, of Mallwyd, 84S

Thomas, Thomas ap Howell, of Llanymowthwy, 89S

Thomas, Watkin, of Llanbadarn Vawr co Cardigan, 91B

Thomas, William ap Ieuan, of Bodgadvan, 101B

Thomas, William, of Llanihengell gener glyn, 87S

Thomas, William, p of Pennall, 83S

Thomas, Wm, of Pennall, 95S

Tuder, Hugh, of Llangelynin co p'dict, 94S

Turnor, Richard, of Trefeglwys, 98S

Tyddur, John, p of Llanddwyway, 101S

Vaughan, John, [Llanihange]ell gener glyn, 101S

Vaughan, John, of Rhosgellan p of Llanbadarn Vawr co Cardigan, 98S

Vaughan, Morgan, of Llanlery, 100S

Vaughan, Robert, of Darowen, 90B

Vaughan, Thomas ap .... Ieuan, of Cemes, 100S

Vaughan, Thomas, of Llanwenarth, 87S

W', Thomas, of Llanaber, 92B

W'., Anwyl, of Kem'es, 103B

W'., John, of Llwyngwril, 103B

W'., Lewis, of Pennall, 97S

W'., Richard, of Llanvihangel y Creithyn, 103S

W'..., Humffrey, of Pennegos, 86B

Wall, Adam, of Llan......, 99S

Wall, Mr, the steward of Mr Newell, 98S

Weaver, Thomas, of Llangynllo co Radnor, 82B

William, David, of Towyn, 84S

William, Ffrancis, of Towyn, 91S

William, John, of Pennall, 88S

William, Lewis, p of Llanegryn, 92B

William, Lewis, p of Pennall, 91B

William, Richard, of Penegoes, 89S

William, Rowland, of Llanbadarn, 90S

William, Thomas, of Llanegrin, 82S

William, Thomas, of Llanegryn, 100S

William, Walter, of Pencarreg, 92S

William, Walter, p of Pencarreg co Carm'den, 84S

Williams, Hugh, p of Llanegryn co Meirion, 100S

Williams, Lewis, of Towyn, 90S

Wm, John, p of Llanaber, 95B

Wm., Hugh, of Llanegrin, 103S

Wood, John, of Llanbrinmair, 85S

Worthyn, Robert, of Tref Eglwys, 88B

Based on

Historic Parishes of England & Wales

Electronic Map - Gazetteer - Metadata

Roger J P Kain - Richard R Oliver
Published in 2001 by History Data Service, UK Data Archive, University of Essex

• Book Introduction
• The project

The Book's introduction

"This book introduces a newly compiled Electronic Map of the historic (mainly pre-1850) parishes, townships, and other local administrative areas of England and Wales which is set to become a standard reference resource. The book describes the data and the method of compilation, and includes an abbreviated version of the full Gazetteer/Metadata which serves as a hard copy index to the places located on the Electronic Map.

Contents:

• the value of a map of the 'historic parishes' of England and Wales
• the inadequacy of existing published maps of 'historic parish' boundaries
• sources of parish boundary information for the Electronic Map
• compiling the Electronic Map boundaries
• the topographic underlay for the boundary mapping
• abbreviated Gazetteer/Metadata
• 12 figures and tables, 243 pages

The Electronic Map covers the whole of England and Wales, and is organised by Ordnance Survey Sheet number. The map consists of scanned bitmap images of the Ordnance Survey one inch to the mile (1:63,360) New Popular Edition maps (1945-8) with National Grid. It contains the boundaries of some 18,233 places, and is arranged as three electronic 'layers'. The first is a scan of the Ordnance Survey maps stored as grey tone sheet images. This enables Ordnance Survey physical, cultural and place-name content to be readily visible in the background for orientation and general location purposes, while not obscuring the added boundary and reference number material. The second layer consists of the boundaries, stored as solid red lines; and the third layer contains the reference numbers that link places on the map to the gazetteer/metadata dataset that accompanies the maps.

The maps are available on CD-ROM in Adobe Illustrator v.6 (£45 plus P&P) or Adobe Acrobat PDF (£15 plus P&P). Adobe Illustrator format is recommended if you already have the software (as it enables you to edit the maps and select the layers to view). However, the Adobe Acrobat PDF format is perfectly suitable for viewing the maps, and the the necessary reader software will be supplied.

This unique combination publication will become an invaluable tool for all those interested in plotting local area-based data from the past (population, agricultural, statistics, tax data etc.) from the 14th to the 19th centuries.

We wish to acknowledge the support of the Leverhulme Trust and the Economic and Social Research Council which funded the research. "

The book and/or the CD set alone were originally available for purchase via the School of Geography site at Exeter University

The Project

The map name extraction project started in August 2004 and completed in January 2005 covers  the Welsh counties of Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire, Glamorgan and Pembrokeshire.
There were several volunteers involved, their names are shown here

The idea for the project arose partly from the fact that there are no currently available conventional paper based maps which show the position of historic parish boundaries, a problem which family history researchers can find frustrating when trying to find a particular place in their research - whether on paper OS maps or the old-maps site, for example.
The availability of this set of maps on CD at a reasonable cost prompted the thought that they could be uitilised to produce lists of place names appearing in individual parishes, and such lists would be an useful addition to the existing database on the Genuki parish pages.
In fact I have personally discovered the exact site of a 'long lost' farm in my own family history through the very act of extracting names from this CD whilst checking the old-maps site for spelling queries, it is of course recognised that the latter maps contain more detail than these CDs but they do not have parish boundaries shown.

The names have been extracted as faithfully to the original as possible but for one reason or another it was not always possible to be sure of a word, hence the occasional ? - and no doubt there is also the odd mistake/omission.
It was also sometimes not possible to be sure which parish a 'near boundary' place was in - so some may appear in two adjacent parishes.

(Gareth Hicks )

Volunteers

CGN

• Dewi Evans, Germany
• Gareth Hicks, Devon
• Lynne Kleingertner, Canada
• Tony Morris, Surrey
• Howard Thomas, Swansea

CMN

• Anna Brueton, London
• Cherlyn Bruns, USA
• Rina Callingham, Bridgend
• Mary Greatorex, Dinas Powys
• Gareth Hicks, Devon
• Katherine Hocking
• Lynne Kleingertner, Canada
• Merv Thomas, Sussex

GLA

• John Ball, Ystalyfera
• Rina Callingham, Bridgend
• Helen D'All, Canada
• Rob Frayne, Swansea
• Jean Gilson, Canada
• Mary Greatorex, Dinas Powys
• Gareth Hicks, Devon
• Roy Pugh, Neath
• Glenys Travis, North Hertfordshire

PEM

• Peter D Hall, Yorkshire
• Gareth Hicks, Devon
• Barry Johnson, Monmouthshire
• Tony Morris, Surrey
• John Richards, Hertfordshire
• Rosemary St.Leger-May, Surrey
• Howard Thomas , Swansea

GENUKI is organised on the basis of historic counties.
This page associates more modern counties and county boroughs with the GENUKI pages which cover those areas.
It was however originally compiled pre the further administrative changes which took place in 1996 - these are fully detailed on Administrative Areas of Wales.

The pre/post 1974 and 1996 positions can be viewed as map/diagrams on Wales - Genealogy Help Pages

• Cardiff (County Borough) - see Glamorgan
• Clwyd - see Denbighshire, Flintshire
• Dyfed - see Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire, Pembrokeshire
• Gwent - see Breconshire, Monmouthshire
• Gwynedd - see Anglesey, Caernarvonshire, Merionethshire
• Merthyr Tydfil (County Borough) - see Glamorgan
• Mid Glamorgan - see Breconshire, Glamorgan, Monmouthshire
• Newport (County Borough) - see Monmouthshire
• Powys - see Breconshire, Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire
• South Glamorgan - see Glamorgan, Monmouthshire
• Swansea (County Borough) - see Glamorgan
• West Glamorgan - see Glamorgan

Engravings or prints of subjects, places and personages in Wales, including maps; On Ceredigion Archives/Catalogues with photographs, postcards

Railway plans: insights into one of the first railways in Wales - on NLW's blog. 

Pictures and stories of Wales' lost towns, villages and neighbourhoods on Wales Online. "Some of the names are instantly recognisable and integral to the history of Wales. Others are not so well-known and their names, just like their buildings and villagers, all but lost to time."

Special Areas of Conservation in Wales - on the JNCC site

Modern and Administrative Counties  and County Boroughs of Wales

The complete A Topographical Dictionary of Wales (1849) by Samuel Lewis is on the British History Onlinesite

Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516. The Gazetteer compiled by Dr Samantha Letters is a catalogue of markets and fairs in medieval England and Wales. This is the first comprehensive national survey.

Principal Markets and Fairs in South Wales.  Extracted from Kelly's Directory South Wales 1910, it includes entries for Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire, Pembrokeshire, Breconshire, Glamorgan, Monmouthshire, Radnorshire.

A Vision of Britain Through Time. "This site contains information about your home area from the 2001 census -- and from every earlier British census back to 1801. It can present this information both as maps of the whole country and as graphs showing change over time in your area. It truly offers a Vision of Britain through time"

BBC Wales - information about myths, Celts, genealogy, language, history etc etc.

Visit Wales.com - things to do and places to visit

The Geoff Charles Collection (Search Catalogue) - The work of photojournalist Geoff Charles (1909-2002). The entire collection at the NLW consists of about 120,000 images about 15,000 can be viewed here.

The John Thomas Collection (Search Catalogue) - John Thomas (1838-1905) was a Welsh photographer based in Liverpool. The collection at the NLW includes some 4,500 images, mainly Welsh landscape and portraiture

Thomas Rowlandson (Search Catalogue) - A collection of drawings and water colours of Welsh landscapes at the NLW by Thomas Rowlandson (1756-1827), one of England's most talented draughtsmen and satirists

Images of Wales Several excellent photographs of historic buildings and attractive landscapes are available on John Ball's site.

Pictures of Wales - the Cymdeithas Madog site

Castles of Wales Jeffrey L. Thomas provides photographs and information on more than 400 castles in Wales.